Breast conservation and negative margins: how much is enough?

Escalation: How Much is Enough?

often the subject of fierce debate. Cost increases are determined by dynamic relationships between many factors, including acts of nature, interest rates, oil prices, global commodity markets, wars, wage rates, and the overall health of the economy, as well as supply and demand for the required goods or services. How much escalation is enough? Are the recent price increases temporary aberration...

How much REST is enough?

Recent papers published in Nature by Guardavaccaro et al. and Westbrook et al. describe a nexus of two masters of negative regulation of protein levels. Both of these studies establish that the transcriptional repressor REST/NRSF is regulated by the highly versatile ubiquitin protein ligase (E3) SCF(beta-TrCP), adding a new dimension to the relationship between the ubiquitin-proteasome system a...

axillary nodal examination in breast cancer: how much is enough? evidence for a new minimum

background: axillary nodal spread is an established prognostic factor in breast cancer. axillary nodal dissection and subsequent pathological examination is considered the gold standard technique of assessing the axilla for metastatic disease. a minimum of ten level i axillary nodes are required to be examined before an axillary specimen can be reliably labeled as disease free. this recommendat...

Protein for preterm infants: how much is needed? How much is enough? How much is too much?

Preterm infants require considerably more protein to achieve normal intrauterine growth rates than is commonly fed to them during their first postnatal days. Continuing protein nutrition to maintain normal growth rates often is not achieved until several weeks after birth. Most very preterm infants do not receive the protein necessary to produce the 2-3 kilograms of body mass over a 12-16 week ...

Neonatal workforce: how much is enough?